Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, transparent and volatile liquid at room temperature with a characteristic aromatic odor. It is highly flammable, and its vapor can form an explosive mixture with air. It is classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by IARC and is highly toxic to the human hematopoietic system and nervous system.

1. Basic chemical raw material: Used in the production of ethylbenzene/styrene, phenol, aniline, caprolactam, maleic anhydride, alkylbenzene, etc.
2. Organic solvent: Used for the dissolution and extraction of oils, fats, rubber, resins, paints, adhesives, etc.
3. Organic synthesis: Used as an intermediate for fine chemicals such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes, fragrances, detergents, etc.
4. Analytical reagent: Used as a standard for chromatographic analysis and in chemical experiments.