Sodium thiocyanate is a white crystalline powder or granule, odorless and hygroscopic. It is chemically stable at room temperature, and its aqueous solution is neutral. Toxic gases (hydrogen cyanide, sulfur oxides) are released upon thermal decomposition.
Physical & Chemical Properties
Molecular FormulaNaSCN
Density:1.7g/cm³g/cm³
Boiling Point:
Solubility:
Freely soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol and acetone.
Molecular Weight:81.1g/mol
Flash Point:
Melting Point:~300℃
Uses
1. Chemical Fiber Industry: Solvent and coagulant for spinning polyacrylonitrile (acrylic) fibers.
2. Electroplating Industry: Additive in nickel plating and copper plating processes to improve the gloss and uniformity of coatings.
3. Organic Synthesis: Synthesis of pharmaceutical and dye intermediates, used as a cyanating reagent and catalyst.
4. Analytical Chemistry: Reagent for the detection of ferric ions (Fe³⁺), and for complexometric titration of metal ions.
5. Others: Rubber treatment, cement admixtures, photosensitive materials, raw material for herbicides.
Safety, Security & Risk
Chemical Hazards
When heated, it decomposes, producing toxic fumes containing sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, sodium oxide and cyanides. It reacts violently with acids, strong bases and strong oxidizing agents.